Regional Energy Reports highlights_Split and Dalmatia
Split-Dalmatia (Croatia)
PROSPECT2030 – Split-Dalmatia county is along the path of achieving a low-carbon region: the Energy Action Plan will be an essential document for the set-up and achievement of 2030 low-carbon targets
The Split-Dalmatia County is the pilot region in the Republic of Croatia participating in PROSPECT2030 activities implementation. For this purpose, EIHP is providing technical support with the aim to develop the Energy Action Plan; an essential document for the set-up and achievement of 2030 low-carbon targets. As the basis for the Plan, EIHP developed the Split Dalmatia Energy Report.
When looking into figures of the Report, an interesting outcome is an extremely high rate of electricity demand self-supply. Since in Split-Dalmatia there are present uniquely electrical power plants, only this type of self-supply rate can be considered. As follows, regional electricity demand is 1571 GWh annually in comparison with the generated capacity of 3014 GWh which makes a covering rate of 192%.
Key technologies for the Split-Dalmatia supply mix are hydro, wind and solar. The total installed capacity of hydro power plants in Split-Dalmatia is 919 MW and is based on the hydropower system of the river Cetina which includes: HPP Peruća, HPP Orlovac, HPP Đale, HPP Zakučac and HPP Kraljevac and small HPP Prančevići.
Even if PV solar energy is used in minor share, high values are registered for solar irradiation (1,35 to 1,6 MWh/m2) and number of sunny days (reaching ~2700 hours on the islands) which is favourable for PV farms. For the use of wind energy, the power carried by constant and moderate winds is favourable. In Split-Dalmatia local coastal circulation triggers such winds that blow from land to sea at night and from sea to land during the day.
The electrical energy generated per year is ~80% from hydro, ~18% from wind and ~2% from solar photovoltaic power plants.
The regional energy demand has been estimated at ~5.607 GWh. The largest share is accounted for crude oil and petroleum products, followed by electricity while minor shares are accounted for renewable energies, gas and derived heat. Despite favourable climate conditions for the use of RES, solar heat pumps account for less than 1% in the total share of RES in the residential sector.
For the sectoral share in final energy consumption, the largest share is accounted for the traffic and transport sector (52%), followed by the residential sector (24%). The share of industry in total final consumption is just 7%.
The CO2 emissions on national level are currently around 15,8 million tons per year. The share of Split-Dalmatia is estimated at 1,2 million tons per year, with the share of 8% in the national. As expected, the major share of regional emissions is derived from transport (59%), followed by residential (15%) and service (14%) while the industry represents solely 8%.
Considering that electricity has been the main source of heat energy in Split-Dalmatia over the years, decentralized systems such as heat pump technology or waste heat utilization in different fields of industry (fishery, meat and milk industry) have large potentials for future exploitation.
Forasmuch as the use of renewables final energy consumption, solid biomass has been the forefront source of heat energy over the past decades. Despite extremely favourable climate with high values of sunny hours during the year, solar energy for both electrical and thermal energy production have currently minimal shares in self-consumption.
In order to follow the path of achieving a low-carbon region, technologies for using solar energy for heating, cooling and electricity production, as well as wind power should be exploited along with smart decentralized energy planning.
