Water loss
Water loss is defined as the difference between water pumped into system and billed water. Water loss occurs in every water distribution system during its overall operational lifetime and it causes not only additional operating costs but also has negative social and ecological impacts.
In urban areas, up to 70% of distributed water can be lost or never invoiced, although in virtuous areas the percentage of losses can be as low as 6%. The causes spread from leakages to incorrect water pressure management, inaccurate billing systems and metering, or illegal connections.
The presentation provides information about the causes and volume of water loss, the ecological, economical and hygenic aspests, introduces interventions to decrease it and shows several case studies in the topic.
